JVM_ENTRY(void, JVM_StartThread(JNIEnv* env, jobject jthread))
  JVMWrapper("JVM_StartThread");
  JavaThread *native_thread = NULL;

  // We cannot hold the Threads_lock when we throw an exception,
  // due to rank ordering issues. Example:  we might need to grab the
  // Heap_lock while we construct the exception.
  bool throw_illegal_thread_state = false;

  // We must release the Threads_lock before we can post a jvmti event
  // in Thread::start.
  {
    // Ensure that the C++ Thread and OSThread structures aren't freed before
    // we operate.
    MutexLocker mu(Threads_lock);

    // Since JDK 5 the java.lang.Thread threadStatus is used to prevent
    // re-starting an already started thread, so we should usually find
    // that the JavaThread is null. However for a JNI attached thread
    // there is a small window between the Thread object being created
    // (with its JavaThread set) and the update to its threadStatus, so we
    // have to check for this
    if (java_lang_Thread::thread(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(jthread)) != NULL) {
      throw_illegal_thread_state = true;
    } else {
      // We could also check the stillborn flag to see if this thread was already stopped, but
      // for historical reasons we let the thread detect that itself when it starts running

      jlong size =
             java_lang_Thread::stackSize(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(jthread));
      // Allocate the C++ Thread structure and create the native thread.  The
      // stack size retrieved from java is signed, but the constructor takes
      // size_t (an unsigned type), so avoid passing negative values which would
      // result in really large stacks.
      size_t sz = size > 0 ? (size_t) size : 0;
      native_thread = new JavaThread(&thread_entry, sz);

      // At this point it may be possible that no osthread was created for the
      // JavaThread due to lack of memory. Check for this situation and throw
      // an exception if necessary. Eventually we may want to change this so
      // that we only grab the lock if the thread was created successfully -
      // then we can also do this check and throw the exception in the
      // JavaThread constructor.
      if (native_thread->osthread() != NULL) {
        // Note: the current thread is not being used within "prepare".
        native_thread->prepare(jthread);
      }
    }
  }

  if (throw_illegal_thread_state) {
    THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalThreadStateException());
  }

  assert(native_thread != NULL, "Starting null thread?");

  if (native_thread->osthread() == NULL) {
    // No one should hold a reference to the 'native_thread'.
    delete native_thread;
    if (JvmtiExport::should_post_resource_exhausted()) {
      JvmtiExport::post_resource_exhausted(
        JVMTI_RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_OOM_ERROR | JVMTI_RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_THREADS,
        "unable to create new native thread");
    }
    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_OutOfMemoryError(),
              "unable to create new native thread");
  }

  Thread::start(native_thread);

JVM_END

JVM_ENTRY(void, JVM_Interrupt(JNIEnv* env, jobject jthread))
  JVMWrapper("JVM_Interrupt");

  // Ensure that the C++ Thread and OSThread structures aren't freed before we operate
  oop java_thread = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(jthread);
  MutexLockerEx ml(thread->threadObj() == java_thread ? NULL : Threads_lock);
  // We need to re-resolve the java_thread, since a GC might have happened during the
  // acquire of the lock
  JavaThread* thr = java_lang_Thread::thread(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(jthread));
  if (thr != NULL) {
    Thread::interrupt(thr);
  }
JVM_END

JVM_ENTRY(void, JVM_Sleep(JNIEnv* env, jclass threadClass, jlong millis))
  JVMWrapper("JVM_Sleep");

  if (millis < 0) {
    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "timeout value is negative");
  }

  if (Thread::is_interrupted (THREAD, true) && !HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_InterruptedException(), "sleep interrupted");
  }

  // Save current thread state and restore it at the end of this block.
  // And set new thread state to SLEEPING.
  JavaThreadSleepState jtss(thread);

#ifndef USDT2
  HS_DTRACE_PROBE1(hotspot, thread__sleep__begin, millis);
#else /* USDT2 */
  HOTSPOT_THREAD_SLEEP_BEGIN(
                             millis);
#endif /* USDT2 */

  EventThreadSleep event;

  if (millis == 0) {
    // When ConvertSleepToYield is on, this matches the classic VM implementation of
    // JVM_Sleep. Critical for similar threading behaviour (Win32)
    // It appears that in certain GUI contexts, it may be beneficial to do a short sleep
    // for SOLARIS
    if (ConvertSleepToYield) {
      os::yield();
    } else {
      ThreadState old_state = thread->osthread()->get_state();
      thread->osthread()->set_state(SLEEPING);
      os::sleep(thread, MinSleepInterval, false);
      thread->osthread()->set_state(old_state);
    }
  } else {
    ThreadState old_state = thread->osthread()->get_state();
    thread->osthread()->set_state(SLEEPING);
    if (os::sleep(thread, millis, true) == OS_INTRPT) {
      // An asynchronous exception (e.g., ThreadDeathException) could have been thrown on
      // us while we were sleeping. We do not overwrite those.
      if (!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
        if (event.should_commit()) {
          event.set_time(millis);
          event.commit();
        }
#ifndef USDT2
        HS_DTRACE_PROBE1(hotspot, thread__sleep__end,1);
#else /* USDT2 */
        HOTSPOT_THREAD_SLEEP_END(
                                 1);
#endif /* USDT2 */
        // TODO-FIXME: THROW_MSG returns which means we will not call set_state()
        // to properly restore the thread state.  That's likely wrong.
        THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_InterruptedException(), "sleep interrupted");
      }
    }
    thread->osthread()->set_state(old_state);
  }
  if (event.should_commit()) {
    event.set_time(millis);
    event.commit();
  }
#ifndef USDT2
  HS_DTRACE_PROBE1(hotspot, thread__sleep__end,0);
#else /* USDT2 */
  HOTSPOT_THREAD_SLEEP_END(
                           0);
#endif /* USDT2 */
JVM_END